Colombia (December 30, 1992) - Revision history

Kajrozga at 15:38, 8 September 2007

2007-09-08T15:38:47Z

← Older revision		Revision as of 15:38, 8 September 2007
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	'''Score = 13'''		'''Score = 18'''

	''Governed by:'' Articles 333 and 334 of the Colombian Constitution (hereinafter referred to as “Constitution”)<ref>Global Competition Review website, http://www.globalcompetitionforum.org/regions/s_america/Columbia/Constituci%F3n%20Art.%20333%20334.pdf</ref>, Decree No. 2153, December 30, 1992 and Article 118 of Decree 2666 of 2000 (hereinafter collectively referred to as “Competition Act”).(<ref>Full text of decrees was not available therefore information is retrieved from: Ignacio de León, Latin American Competition Law and Policy: A Policy in Search of Identity, (The Hague: Kluwer Law International, 2001), http://www.ftaa-alca.org/NGROUPS/NGCP/Publications/DomLaws_e.asp (cited hereinafter as "FTAA ALCA"), http://www.unctad.org/en/docs/c2clp99d6.pdf (cited hereinafter as "UNCTAD")</ref>		''Governed by:'' Articles 333 and 334 of the Colombian Constitution (hereinafter referred to as “Constitution”)<ref>Global Competition Review website, http://www.globalcompetitionforum.org/regions/s_america/Columbia/Constituci%F3n%20Art.%20333%20334.pdf</ref>, Decree No. 2153, December 30, 1992 and Article 118 of Decree 2666 of 2000 (hereinafter collectively referred to as “Competition Act”).(<ref>Full text of decrees was not available therefore information is retrieved from: Ignacio de León, Latin American Competition Law and Policy: A Policy in Search of Identity, (The Hague: Kluwer Law International, 2001), http://www.ftaa-alca.org/NGROUPS/NGCP/Publications/DomLaws_e.asp (cited hereinafter as "FTAA ALCA"), http://www.unctad.org/en/docs/c2clp99d6.pdf (cited hereinafter as "UNCTAD")</ref>

Kajrozga at 16:12, 16 July 2007

2007-07-16T16:12:24Z

← Older revision		Revision as of 16:12, 16 July 2007
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	\| Price Fixing		\| Price Fixing
	\| 1		\| 1
	\| Article 57 of the Competition Act prohibits Price fixing.<ref>León at 79.</ref>		\| Article 47 of the Competition Act prohibits Price fixing.<ref>León at 79.</ref>

	\|-		\|-
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	\| Output Restraint		\| Output Restraint
	\| 1		\| 1
	\| Article 57 of the Competition Act prohibits output restraints.<ref>León at 78.</ref>		\| Article 47 of the Competition Act prohibits output restraints.<ref>León at 78.</ref>

	\|-		\|-
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	\| Market Sharing		\| Market Sharing
	\| 1		\| 1
	\| Article 57 of the Competition Act prohibits agreements that allow for market sharing.<ref>UNCTAD at 5.</ref>		\| Article 47 of the Competition Act prohibits agreements that allow for market sharing.<ref>UNCTAD at 5.</ref>

	\|-		\|-
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	\| Collusive Tendering/Bid-Rigging		\| Collusive Tendering/Bid-Rigging
	\| 1		\| 1
	\| Article 57 of the Competition Act prohibits collusion in bidding and tendering.<ref>Id.</ref>		\| Article 47 of the Competition Act prohibits collusion in bidding and tendering.<ref>Id.</ref>

	\|-		\|-

Kajrozga at 16:06, 16 July 2007

2007-07-16T16:06:22Z

← Older revision		Revision as of 16:06, 16 July 2007
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	'''Score = 13'''		'''Score = 13'''

	''Governed by:'' Articles 333 and 334 of the Colombian Constitution (hereinafter referred to as “Constitution”)<ref>Global Competition Review website, http://www.globalcompetitionforum.org/regions/s_america/Columbia/Constituci%F3n%20Art.%20333%20334.pdf</ref> ~~and~~ Decree No. 2153, December 30, 1992 (hereinafter referred to as “Competition Act”).<ref>Full text of ~~decree~~ was not available therefore information is retrieved from, Ignacio de León, Latin American Competition Law and Policy: A Policy in Search of Identity, (The Hague: Kluwer Law International, 2001).</ref>		''Governed by:'' Articles 333 and 334 of the Colombian Constitution (hereinafter referred to as “Constitution”)<ref>Global Competition Review website, http://www.globalcompetitionforum.org/regions/s_america/Columbia/Constituci%F3n%20Art.%20333%20334.pdf</ref>, Decree No. 2153, December 30, 1992 and Article 118 of Decree 2666 of 2000 (hereinafter collectively referred to as “Competition Act”).(<ref>Full text of decrees was not available therefore information is retrieved from: Ignacio de León, Latin American Competition Law and Policy: A Policy in Search of Identity, (The Hague: Kluwer Law International, 2001), http://www.ftaa-alca.org/NGROUPS/NGCP/Publications/DomLaws_e.asp (cited hereinafter as "FTAA ALCA"), http://www.unctad.org/en/docs/c2clp99d6.pdf (cited hereinafter as "UNCTAD")</ref>

	{\| class="wikitable"		{\| class="wikitable"
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	\|- class="categorydivision"		\|- class="categorydivision"
	\| Scope		\| Scope
	\| Extraterritoriality		\| Extraterritoriality
	\| 0		\| 0
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	\| Fines		\| Fines
	\| 1		\| 1
	\| The Competition Act allows for fines for certain violations.		\| The Competition Act allows for fines for certain violations.<ref>León at 100</ref>

	\|-		\|-
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	\| Mandatory		\| Mandatory
	\| 3		\| 3
	\| The Competition Act says that any transaction involving agents worth more than 20 million pesos requires notification.		\| The Competition Act says that any transaction involving agents worth more than 20 million pesos requires notification.<ref>León at 99.</ref>

	\|-		\|-
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	\| Pre-merger		\| Pre-merger
	\| 2		\| 2
	\| Companies should notify before the transaction is completed.		\| Companies should notify before the transaction is completed.<ref>León at 99.</ref>

	\|-		\|-
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	\| Merger Assessment		\| Merger Assessment
	\| Dominance		\| Dominance
	\| 0		\| 1
	\|		\| Superintendencey of Industry and Trade can block mergers if “they are the means for obtaining a position of dominance in the market.”<ref>FTAA ALCA at 42.</ref>

	\|-		\|-
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	\| Restriction of Competition		\| Restriction of Competition
	\| 1		\| 1
	\| The Superintendency may challenge a merger if it creates an adverse effect on competition.		\| The Superintendency may challenge a merger if it creates an adverse effect on competition.<ref>León at 100.</ref>

	\|-		\|-
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	\|		\|
	\| Efficiency		\| Efficiency
	\| 0		\| 1
	\|		\| Superintendencey of Industry and Trade can allow merger if shown that it will cause “significantly increased efficiency."<ref>FTAA ALCA at 40.</ref>

	\|- class="~~categorydivision"~~		\|- class="categorydivisio.
	\| Dominance		\| Dominance
	\| Limits Access		\| Limits Access
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	\|		\|
	\| Price Setting		\| Price Setting
	\| 0		\| 1
	\|		\| Article 47 of the Competition Act prohibits price setting by dominant firm with the intention of eliminating competition. <ref>UNCTAD at 6</ref>

	\|-		\|-
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	\| Discriminatory Pricing		\| Discriminatory Pricing
	\| 1		\| 1
	\| ~~Columbia~~ prohibits price discrimination.		\| Article 47 of the Competition Act prohibits price discrimination by dominant firm.<ref>UNCTAD at 6.</ref>

	\|-		\|-
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	\| Resale Price Maintenance		\| Resale Price Maintenance
	\| 1		\| 1
	\| RPM is usually illegal.		\| RPM is usually illegal.<ref>León at 83.</ref>

	\|-		\|-
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	\| Price Fixing		\| Price Fixing
	\| 1		\| 1
	\| Price fixing ~~is prohibited when it restricts competition~~.		\| Article 57 of the Competition Act prohibits Price fixing.<ref>León at 79.</ref>

	\|-		\|-
	\|		\|
	\| Tying		\| Tying
	\| 0		\| 1
	\|		\| Article 47 of the Competition Act prohibits tying.<ref>UNCTAD at 5.</ref>

	\|-		\|-
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	\| Market Division		\| Market Division
	\| 1		\| 1
	\| ~~Market allocation is prohibited when it restricts competition~~.		\| Article 47 of the Competition Act prohibits “sharing . . . of sources of supply of production inputs.<ref>León at 79.</ref>

	\|-		\|-
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	\| Output Restraint		\| Output Restraint
	\| 1		\| 1
	\| ~~Output restraint is prohibited~~.		\| Article 57 of the Competition Act prohibits output restraints.<ref>León at 78.</ref>

	\|-		\|-
	\|		\|
	\| Market Sharing		\| Market Sharing
	\| 0		\| 1
	\|		\| Article 57 of the Competition Act prohibits agreements that allow for market sharing.<ref>UNCTAD at 5.</ref>

	\|-		\|-
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	\|		\|
	\| Collusive Tendering/Bid-Rigging		\| Collusive Tendering/Bid-Rigging
	\| 0		\| 1
	\|		\| Article 57 of the Competition Act prohibits collusion in bidding and tendering.<ref>Id.</ref>

	\|-		\|-
	\|		\|
	\| Supply Refusal		\| Supply Refusal
	\| 0		\| 1
	\|		\| Article 47 of the Competition Act prohibits “limiting of sources of supply of production inputs."<ref>Id.</ref>

	\|-		\|-

Kajrozga at 04:19, 16 July 2007

2007-07-16T04:19:48Z

← Older revision		Revision as of 04:19, 16 July 2007
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	'''Score = 13'''		'''Score = 13'''

	''Governed by:'' Articles 333 and 334 of the Colombian Constitution (hereinafter referred to as “Constitution”)(ref)Global Competition Review website, http://www.globalcompetitionforum.org/regions/s_america/Columbia/Constituci%F3n%20Art.%20333%20334.pdf</ref> and Decree No. 2153, December 30, 1992 (hereinafter referred to as “Competition Act”).<ref>Full text of decree was not available therefore information is retrieved from, Ignacio de León, Latin American Competition Law and Policy: A Policy in Search of Identity, (The Hague: Kluwer Law International, 2001).</ref>		''Governed by:'' Articles 333 and 334 of the Colombian Constitution (hereinafter referred to as “Constitution”)<ref>Global Competition Review website, http://www.globalcompetitionforum.org/regions/s_america/Columbia/Constituci%F3n%20Art.%20333%20334.pdf</ref> and Decree No. 2153, December 30, 1992 (hereinafter referred to as “Competition Act”).<ref>Full text of decree was not available therefore information is retrieved from, Ignacio de León, Latin American Competition Law and Policy: A Policy in Search of Identity, (The Hague: Kluwer Law International, 2001).</ref>

	{\| class="wikitable"		{\| class="wikitable"

Kajrozga: New page: '''Score = 13''' ''Governed by:'' Articles 333 and 334 of the Colombian Constitution (hereinafter referred to as “Constitution”)(ref)Global Competition Review website, http://www.glob...

2007-07-03T15:45:51Z

New page: '''Score = 13''' ''Governed by:'' Articles 333 and 334 of the Colombian Constitution (hereinafter referred to as “Constitution”)(ref)Global Competition Review website, http://www.glob...

New page

'''Score = 13'''

''Governed by:'' Articles 333 and 334 of the Colombian Constitution (hereinafter referred to as “Constitution”)(ref)Global Competition Review website, http://www.globalcompetitionforum.org/regions/s_america/Columbia/Constituci%F3n%20Art.%20333%20334.pdf</ref> and Decree No. 2153, December 30, 1992 (hereinafter referred to as “Competition Act”).<ref>Full text of decree was not available therefore information is retrieved from, Ignacio de León, Latin American Competition Law and Policy: A Policy in Search of Identity, (The Hague: Kluwer Law International, 2001).</ref>

{| class="wikitable"
|-
! Category !! Subcategory !! Score !! Comment

|- class="categorydivision"
| Scope
| Extraterritoriality
| 0
|

|- class="categorydivision"
| Remedies
| Fines
| 1
| The Competition Act allows for fines for certain violations.

|-
|
| Prison Sentences
| 0
|

|-
|
| Divestitures
| 0
|

|- class="categorydivision"
| Private Enforcement
| 3rd Party Initiation
| 0
|

|-
|
| Remedies Available to 3rd Parties
| 0
|

|-
|
| 3rd Party Rights in Proceedings
| 0
|

|- class="categorydivision"
| Merger Notification
| Voluntary
| 0
|

|-
|
| Mandatory
| 3
| The Competition Act says that any transaction involving agents worth more than 20 million pesos requires notification.

|-
|
| Pre-merger
| 2
| Companies should notify before the transaction is completed.

|-
|
| Post-merger
| 0
|

|- class="categorydivision"
| Merger Assessment
| Dominance
| 0
|

|-
|
| Restriction of Competition
| 1
| The Superintendency may challenge a merger if it creates an adverse effect on competition.

|-
|
| Public Interest (Pro D)
| 0
|

|-
|
| Public Interest (Pro Authority)
| 0
|

|-
|
| Other
| 0
|

|-
|
| Efficiency
| 0
|

|- class="categorydivision"
| Dominance
| Limits Access
| 0
|

|-
|
| Abusive Acts
| 1
| Article 333 of the Constitution prohibits the abuse of a dominant position.

|-
|
| Price Setting
| 0
|

|-
|
| Discriminatory Pricing
| 1
| Columbia prohibits price discrimination.

|-
|
| Resale Price Maintenance
| 1
| RPM is usually illegal.

|-
|
| Obstacles to Entry
| 0
|

|-
|
| Efficiency Defense
| 0
|

|- class="categorydivision"
| Restrictive Trade Practices
| Price Fixing
| 1
| Price fixing is prohibited when it restricts competition.

|-
|
| Tying
| 0
|

|-
|
| Market Division
| 1
| Market allocation is prohibited when it restricts competition.

|-
|
| Output Restraint
| 1
| Output restraint is prohibited.

|-
|
| Market Sharing
| 0
|

|-
|
| Eliminating Competitors
| 0
|

|-
|
| Collusive Tendering/Bid-Rigging
| 0
|

|-
|
| Supply Refusal
| 0
|

|-
|
| Efficiency Defense
| 0
|

|}

== References ==
<references />