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| '''Score = 27 '''
| | <h1 style="margin:0; font-size:155%;text-align:left; color:#666; padding:0.2em 0.2em;">Treaty</h1> |
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| ''Governed by: '''''EU law''': Articles 81 and 82 of the Treaty Establishing the European Communities (Rome Treaty), Regulation 1/2003 of 16 December 2002 <ref> Available at http://ec.europa.eu/comm/competition/antitrust/legislation/legislation.html</ref> Mergers are governed by Council Regulation 139/2004 on the control of concentrations between undertaking (the EC Merger Regulation) of 20 January 2004.<ref>Available at http://ec.europa.eu/comm/competition/mergers/legislation/regulations.html#merger_reg</ref>
| | :* [[EU Law, 2009]] |
| | :* [[EU Law, 2005]] |
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| {| class="wikitable"
| | <h2 style="margin:0; font-size:140%;text-align:left; color:#666; padding:0.2em 0.2em;">References</h2> |
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| ! Category !! Subcategory !! Score !! Comment
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| |- class="categorydivision"
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| | Scope
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| | Extraterritoriality
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| | 1
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| | EU law (the Rome Treaty) governs whenever conduct has effects on trade between Member States pursuant to Article 3 of Regulation 1/2003.
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| |- class="categorydivision"
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| | Remedies
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| | Fines
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| | 1
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| | Council Regulation 1/2003 (Chapter VI, Articles 23 and 24)
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| | Prison Sentences
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| | Divestitures
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| | 1
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| | Article 8(4) of Regulation 139/2004 (EC Merger Regulation).
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| |- class="categorydivision"
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| | Private Enforcement
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| | 3rd Party Initiation
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| | 1
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| | Council Regulation 1/2003 (Chapter III, Article 7(2))
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| | Remedies Available to 3rd Parties
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| | 1
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| | Private citizens have a right to bring a civil action in a national court with adequate competence.<ref>Green Paper: http://eur-lex.europa.eu/LexUriServ/LexUriServ.do?uri=COM:2005:0672:FIN:EN:PDF</ref>
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| | 3rd Party Rights in Proceedings
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| | 1
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| | Council Regulation 1/2003 (Chapter VIII, Article 3)) - 3rd parties may be heard by the Comission in proceedings; interested 3rd parties have the right to be heard in merger assessment proceedings (preamble to EC Merger Control Regulation 139/2004, para. 38)
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| |- class="categorydivision"
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| | Merger Notification
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| | Voluntary
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| | Mandatory
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| | 3
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| | Article 4(1), Articles 6 and 7 of EC Merger Regulation 139/2004.
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| | Pre-merger
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| | 2
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| | Article 4(1), Articles 6 and 7 of EC Merger Regulation 139/2004.
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| | Post-merger
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| |- class="categorydivision"
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| | Merger Assessment
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| | Dominance
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| | 1
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| | EC Merger Control Regulation 139/2004, Article 2(1)(b), 2(2) and 2(3)
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| | Restriction of Competition
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| | EC Merger Control Regulation 139/2004, Article 2(1), 2(2) and 2(3)
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| | Public Interest (Pro D)
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| | 1
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| | EC Merger Control Regulation 139/2004, Article 2(1)(b)
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| | Public Interest (Pro Authority)
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| | 1
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| | EC Merger Control Regulation 139/2004, Article 2(1)(b)
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| | Other
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| | Efficiency
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| | Preamble to EC Merger Control Regulation 139/2004 on page 4 (para. 29).
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| |- class="categorydivision"
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| | Dominance
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| | Limits Access
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| | 1
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| | Article 82(b) of the Rome Treaty prohibits limiting access.
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| | Abusive Acts
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| | 1
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| | Article 82 of the Rome Treaty prohibits abuse of dominant position.
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| | Price Setting
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| | Article 82(a) of the Rome Treaty prohibits price setting.
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| | Discriminatory Pricing
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| | 1
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| | Article 82(c) of the Rome Treaty prohibits discriminatory conditions.
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| | Resale Price Maintenance
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| | 1
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| | Article 82(a) of the Rome Treaty prohibits resale price maintenance.
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| | Obstacles to Entry
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| | 1
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| | Article 82 of the Rome Treaty prohibits anti-competitive pricing schemes.
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| | Efficiency Defense
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| | 0
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| |- class="categorydivision"
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| | Restrictive Trade Practices
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| | Price Fixing
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| | 1
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| | Article 81(1)(a) of the Rome Treaty prohibits price fixing.
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| | Tying
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| | 1
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| | Article 81(1)(e) of the Rome Treaty prohibits tying.
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| | Market Division
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| | 1
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| | Article 81 of the Rome Treaty prohibits customer allocation clauses.
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| | Output Restraint
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| | Article 81(1)(b) of the Rome Treaty prohibits limiting production.
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| | Market Sharing
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| | 1
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| | Article 81(1)(c) of the Rome Treaty prohibits market sharing.
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| | Eliminating Competitors
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| | 1
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| | Article 81(1) of the Rome Treaty prohibits agreements that have the purpose or effect of eliminating competition.
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| | Collusive Tendering/Bid-Rigging
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| | 1
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| | Article 81 of the Rome Treaty prohibits bid-rigging.<ref>http://www.eujapan.com/europe/seminar_tokyo_mehta1_april08.pdf</ref>
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| | Supply Refusal
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| | 1
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| | Article 81(1)(b) of the Rome Treaty prohibits supply refusal.
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| | Efficiency Defense
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| | 1
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| | Article 81(3) of the Rome Treaty allows an efficiency defense.
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| |}
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| == References ==
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| <references /> | | <references /> |