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Antitrust World Reports - Professor Keith N. Hylton
AntitrustWorldWiki.com is a collaborative database covering antitrust laws around the world. Its purpose is to provide information on the key provisions of antitrust laws in a manner that enables users of this wiki to compare antitrust enforcement regimes around the world. We will expand the site to include new information and to enable users to post comments and observations.

Authors

Keith N. Hylton, a professor of law at Boston University, has published numerous articles in American law journals and peer-reviewed law and economics journals. His antitrust textbook, Antitrust Law: Economic Theory and Common Law Evolution, was published by Cambridge University Press in 2003. View full faculty profile.

Research Assistants

Sean Miller
Nicola Leiter
Achal Oza
Kaj Rozga
Jacob Schneider
Helen Hostetter
Lynne Myhre
Katerina Novak
Marc Shapiro
Jacqueline Lee

In addition to their own research, some of the authors have relied on translations and additional research by Boston University graduate and law students, especially Dena Milligan and Andrea Tkacikova.

Special thanks to Matt Grayson for designing the site logo.

Suggested Citation Format

[Signal] Keith N. Hylton et al., [article/page/report name], Antitrust World Reports, available at [URL location] [(optional other parenthetical)] (as of [date], [time] GMT).

Examples

Keith N. Hylton et al., Antitrust World Reports, available at http://antitrustworldwiki.com (as of October 10, 2007, 05:30 PM GMT).
Keith N. Hylton et al., Country Report: Romania (December 10, 2003), Antitrust World Reports, available at http://antitrustworldwiki.com/antitrustwiki/index.php/Romania_%28December_10%2C_2003%29 (noting Romania's ban on tying) (as of October 10, 2007, 05:30 PM GMT).

Notice on Accuracy of Data

AntitrustWorldWiki.com is a unique research tool. It is designed not for formal publication, but as a means to methodically draw-out factual information regarding the ever-changing body of international competition law. The authors assert only that the data on these pages is accurate to the best of their knowledge. The authors readily welcome and encourage any outside expertise on a particular jurisdiction's formal law or the extent of its enforcement.

Research Support

The authors thank Boston University School of Law and Microsoft Corporation for research support.

Publications Based on this Database

Keith N. Hylton and Fei Deng, Antitrust Around the World: An Empirical Analysis of the Scope of Competition Laws and Their Effects, 74 Antitrust L.J. 2 (2007). This article is available at http://www.nera.com/extImage/PUB_AntitrustLawJournal.pdf.

Databases Notes

Special Reports

Country Reports

The following data represents a comprehensive survey of current antitrust regimes throughout the world. The original texts of individual statutes in each country were examined for the presence of various elements. Each included country receives an individual report here that indicates the presence or absence of these various elements in the country’s statutes. The presence of an element is accompanied by a short explanation and/or citation to the applicable statute. The elements themselves are defined here. Some definitions are broad and could be divided into subcategories, in these cases, detailed comments are provided. Each report also includes a numerical score for comparison across countries and regions, or for empirical analysis.

Europe: European Union

European Commission

Member Countries

Austria	Belgium	Bulgaria	Cyprus	Czech Republic	Denmark
Estonia	Finland	France	Germany	Greece	Hungary
Ireland	Italy	Latvia	Lithuania	Luxembourg	Malta
Netherlands	Poland	Portugal	Romania	Slovak Republic	Slovenia
Spain	Sweden	United Kingdom

Europe: Non-European Union

Albania	Armenia	Belarus	Bosnia-Herzegovina	Croatia	Faroe Island
Georgia	Greenland	Iceland	Jersey, Channel Islands	Macedonia	Moldova
Norway	Russia	Serbia	Switzerland	Turkey	Ukraine

Asia

Azerbaijan	Bangladesh	Brunei Darussalam	China	Hong Kong	India	Indonesia
Japan	Kazakhstan	Kyrgyzstan	Lao PDR	Mongolia	Pakistan
Singapore	South Korea	Sri Lanka	Taiwan	Tajikistan	Thailand
Uzbekistan	Vietnam

Central and Southern Africa

Angola	Benin	Botswana	Burkina Faso	Cameroon	Cote d'Ivoire	Kenya
Malawi	Mali	Mauritius	Namibia	Nigeria	Senegal
South Africa	Tanzania	Zambia	Zimbabwe

Middle East and Northern Africa

Algeria	Afghanistan	Bahrain	Egypt	Iran	Israel
Jordan	Morocco	Qatar	Saudi Arabia	Syria	Tunisia	United Arab Emirates

Oceania

North America

Caribbean

Central America

Costa Rica	El Salvador	Guatemala	Honduras	Mexico	Nicaragua
Panama

South America

Argentina	Bolivia	Brazil	Chile	Colombia	Guyana
Peru	Uruguay	Venezuela

@@ Line 1: / Line 1: @@
-The following data represents a comprehensive survey of current antitrust regimes throughout the world.  The original texts of individual statutes in each country were examined for the presence of various elements.  Each included country receives an individual report here that indicates the presence or absence of these various elements in the country’s statutes.  The presence of an element is accompanied by a short explanation and/or citation to the applicable statute.  The elements themselves are defined [[Index Definitions|here]].  Some definitions are broad and could be divided into subcategories, in these cases, detailed comments are provided.  Each report also includes a numerical score for comparison across countries and regions, or for empirical analysis.
+{|style="border-spacing:8px; margin:0px -8px;"
+|border:1px solid #cef2e0; background:#f5fffa; vertical-align:top; color:#000;"|
+{|width="100%" cellpadding="2" cellspacing="5" style="vertical-align:top; background:#f5fffa;"
+! <h1 style="margin:0; background:#cef2e0; font-size:120%; font-weight:bold; border:1px solid #a3bfb1; text-align:left; color:#000; padding:0.2em 0.4em;">Antitrust World Reports - Professor Keith N. Hylton</h1>
+|-
+| AntitrustWorldWiki.com is a collaborative database covering antitrust laws around the world.  Its purpose is to provide information on the key provisions of antitrust laws in a manner that enables users of this wiki to compare antitrust enforcement regimes around the world.  We will expand the site to include new information and to enable users to post comments and observations.
+|}
+|}
+== Authors ==
+'''Keith N. Hylton''', a professor of law at Boston University, has published numerous articles in American law journals and peer-reviewed law and economics journals. His antitrust textbook, [http://www.amazon.com/Antitrust-Law-Economic-Theory-Evolution/dp/0521793785/ref=sr_1_1/002-8545403-9069605?ie=UTF8&s=books&qid=1185315361&sr=8-1 ''Antitrust Law: Economic Theory and Common Law Evolution''], was published by Cambridge University Press in 2003.  [http://www.bu.edu/law/faculty/profiles/bios/full-time/hylton_k.html View full faculty profile.]
+'''Research Assistants'''
+:*[[Sean Miller]]
+:*Nicola Leiter
+:*[[User:AchalOza|Achal Oza]]
+:*[[User:Kajrozga|Kaj Rozga]]
+:*[[User:JWSchneider|Jacob Schneider]]
+:*[[User:HCargill|Helen Hostetter]]
+:*[[User:LMyhre|Lynne Myhre]]
+:*Katerina Novak
+:*Marc Shapiro
+:*[[User:JLee|Jacqueline Lee]]
+In addition to their own research, some of the authors have relied on translations and additional research by Boston University graduate and law students, especially Dena Milligan and Andrea Tkacikova.
+Special thanks to Matt Grayson for designing the site logo.
+== Suggested Citation Format ==
+[Signal] Keith N. Hylton et al., [article/page/report name], Antitrust World Reports, ''available at'' [URL location] [(optional other parenthetical)] (as of [date], [time] GMT).
+'''Examples'''
+* Keith N. Hylton et al., Antitrust World Reports, ''available at'' <nowiki>http://antitrustworldwiki.com</nowiki> (as of October 10, 2007, 05:30 PM GMT).
+* Keith N. Hylton et al., <u>Country Report: Romania (December 10, 2003)</u>, Antitrust World Reports, ''available at'' <nowiki>http://antitrustworldwiki.com/antitrustwiki/index.php/Romania_%28December_10%2C_2003%29</nowiki> (noting Romania's ban on tying) (as of October 10, 2007, 05:30 PM GMT).
+== Notice on Accuracy of Data ==
-== Author: Professor Keith N. Hylton ==
+'''AntitrustWorldWiki.com''' is a unique research tool. It is designed not for formal publication, but as a means to methodically draw-out factual information regarding the ever-changing body of international competition law. The authors assert only that the data on these pages is accurate to the best of their knowledge. The authors readily welcome and encourage any outside expertise on a particular jurisdiction's formal law or the extent of its enforcement.
-Widely recognized in the areas of law and economics, '''Keith Hylton''' has published numerous articles in American law journals and peer-reviewed law and economics journals. His textbook, ''Antitrust Law: Economic Theory and Common Law Evolution'', was published by Cambridge University Press in 2003.
+== Research Support ==
-Professor Hylton joined the BU Law faculty in 1995 after teaching for six years and receiving tenure at Northwestern University School of Law. At BU Law, he teaches courses in antitrust, torts and labor law. [http://www.bu.edu/law/faculty/profiles/bios/full-time/hylton_k.html (view full faculty profile)]
+The authors thank [http://www.bu.edu/law/ Boston University School of Law] and [http://www.microsoft.com Microsoft Corporation] for research support.
-=== Research Assistants ===
+== Publications Based on this Database ==
-*Sean Miller
+*  Keith N. Hylton and Fei Deng, Antitrust Around the World: An Empirical Analysis of the Scope of Competition Laws and Their Effects, 74 Antitrust L.J. 2 (2007).  This article is available at http://www.nera.com/extImage/PUB_AntitrustLawJournal.pdf.
-*Nicola Leiter
-*[[User:AchalOza|Achal Oza]]
-*[[User:Kajrozga|Kaj Rozga]]
-*[[User:JWSchneider|Jacob Schneider]]
 == Databases Notes ==
-* [[Author's Notes]]
+* [[Authors' Notes]]
 * [[Index Definitions]]
-* [[Countries Requiring Further Research]]
+* [[Notes on Scoring]]
-* [[Countries Included in the Database]]
-* [[Country assignments]]
+== Special Reports ==
 * [[Predatory Pricing Report]]
+* [[Competition Enforcement Budgets]]
+* [[Penalties Report]]
+* [[EU Competition Law Enforcement: The Pharma Sector Inquiry]]
+* [[American Legal Perspectives on China’s Landmark Anti-Monopoly Rulings]]
+* [[Industry Standard Setting and Antitrust]]
 == Country Reports ==
+The following data represents a comprehensive survey of current antitrust regimes throughout the world.  The original texts of individual statutes in each country were examined for the presence of various elements.  Each included country receives an individual report here that indicates the presence or absence of these various elements in the country’s statutes.  The presence of an element is accompanied by a short explanation and/or citation to the applicable statute.  The elements themselves are defined [[Index Definitions|here]].  Some definitions are broad and could be divided into subcategories, in these cases, detailed comments are provided.  Each report also includes a numerical score for comparison across countries and regions, or for empirical analysis.
-{| style="background:Cornflowerblue; color=white" border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="1" align="center" width="100%"
+{| style="background:#99CCCC; color=white" border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="1" align="center" width="100%"
 |- style="color=white" align="center"
 | '''Europe: European Union'''
@@ Line 30: / Line 69: @@
 |
+{| style="background:white" border="0" cellpadding="5" cellspacing="0" align="left" width="100%"
+|- align="center"
+|[[European Commission]]
+|}
+<h2 style="margin:0; background:#99CCCC; font-size:100%; font-weight:bold; border:1px solid #a3bfb1; text-align:center; color:#000; padding:0.2em 0.4em;">Member Countries</h2>
 {| style="background:white" border="0" cellpadding="5" cellspacing="0" align="left" width="100%"
 |- align="center"
 | [[Austria]]
 | [[Belgium]]
+| [[Bulgaria]]
 | [[Cyprus]]
 | [[Czech Republic]]
 | [[Denmark]]
-| [[Estonia]]
+|
 |- align="center"
+| [[Estonia]]
 | [[Finland]]
 | [[France]]
 | [[Germany]]
 | [[Greece]]
-| [[Greenland]]
 | [[Hungary]]
+|
 |- align="center"
@@ Line 54: / Line 101: @@
 | [[Luxembourg]]
 | [[Malta]]
+|
 |- align="center"
@@ Line 59: / Line 107: @@
 | [[Poland]]
 | [[Portugal]]
+| [[Romania]]
 | [[Slovak Republic]]
 | [[Slovenia]]
-| [[Spain]]
+|
 |- align="center"
+| [[Spain]]
 | [[Sweden]]
 | [[United Kingdom]]
@@ Line 70: / Line 120: @@
 |
 |
 |}
@@ Line 75: / Line 126: @@
-{| style="background:Cornflowerblue; color=white" border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="1" align="center" width="100%"
+{| style="background:#99CC99; color=white" border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="1" align="center" width="100%"
 |- style="color=white" align="center"
 | '''Europe: Non-European Union'''
@@ Line 88: / Line 139: @@
 | [[Belarus]]
 | [[Bosnia-Herzegovina]]
-| [[Bulgaria]]
 | [[Croatia]]
+| [[Faroe Island]]
 |- align="center"
-| [[Faroe Island]]
 | [[Georgia]]
+| [[Greenland]]
 | [[Iceland]]
 | [[Jersey, Channel Islands]]
@@ Line 100: / Line 151: @@
 |- align="center"
 | [[Norway]]
-| [[Romania]]
 | [[Russia]]
-| [[Serbia-Montenegro]]
+| [[Serbia]]
 | [[Switzerland]]
 | [[Turkey]]
+| [[Ukraine]]
+|
+|
+|}
+|}
+{| style="background:#99CCCC; color=white" border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="1" align="center" width="100%"
+|- style="color=white" align="center"
+| '''Asia'''
+|-
+|
+{| style="background:white" border="0" cellpadding="5" cellspacing="0" align="left" width="100%"
+|- align="center"
+| [[Azerbaijan]]
+| [[Bangladesh]]
+| [[Brunei Darussalam]]
+| [[China]]
+| [[Hong Kong]]
+| [[India]]
+| [[Indonesia]]
+|- align="center"
+| [[Japan]]
+| [[Kazakhstan]]
+| [[Kyrgyzstan]]
+| [[Lao PDR]]
+| [[Mongolia]]
+| [[Pakistan]]
+|- align="center"
+| [[Singapore]]
+| [[South Korea]]
+| [[Sri Lanka]]
+| [[Taiwan]]
+| [[Tajikistan]]
+| [[Thailand]]
 |- align="center"
-| [[Ukraine]]
-| [[Yugoslavia/Serbia]]
+| [[Uzbekistan]]
-|
+| [[Vietnam]]
-|
 |
 |
@@ Line 120: / Line 213: @@
-{| style="background:Turquoise; color=white" border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="1" align="center" width="100%"
+{| style="background:#99CC99; color=white" border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="1" align="center" width="100%"
 |- style="color=white" align="center"
-| '''Africa'''
+| '''Central and Southern Africa'''
 |-
 |
@@ Line 130: / Line 223: @@
 | [[Angola]]
 | [[Benin]]
+| [[Botswana]]
 | [[Burkina Faso]]
 | [[Cameroon]]
@@ Line 156: / Line 250: @@
-{| style="background:Turquoise; color=white" border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="1" align="center" width="100%"
+{| style="background:#99CCCC; color=white" border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="1" align="center" width="100%"
 |- style="color=white" align="center"
 | '''Middle East and Northern Africa'''
@@ Line 166: / Line 260: @@
 |- align="center"
 | [[Algeria]]
+| [[Afghanistan]]
+| [[Bahrain]]
 | [[Egypt]]
 | [[Iran]]
 | [[Israel]]
+|- align="center"
 | [[Jordan]]
 | [[Morocco]]
-|- align="center"
 | [[Qatar]]
 | [[Saudi Arabia]]
 | [[Syria]]
 | [[Tunisia]]
+| [[United Arab Emirates]]
 |
-|
-|}
-|}
-{| style="background:Orange; color=white" border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="1" align="center" width="100%"
-|- style="color=white" align="center"
-| '''South America'''
-|-
-|
-{| style="background:white" border="0" cellpadding="5" cellspacing="0" align="left" width="100%"
-|- align="center"
-| [[Argentina]]
-| [[Bolivia]]
-| [[Brazil]]
-| [[Chile]]
-| [[Colombia]]
-| [[Ecuador]]
-| [[Guyana]]
-|- align="center"
-| [[Paraguay]]
-| [[Peru]]
-| [[Uruguay]]
-| [[Venezuela]]
-|
-|
 |}
@@ Line 214: / Line 282: @@
-{| style="background:Cornflowerblue; color=white" border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="1" align="center" width="100%"
+{| style="background:#99CC99; color=white" border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="1" align="center" width="100%"
 |- style="color=white" align="center"
-| '''Central America'''
+| '''Oceania'''
 |-
 |
 {| style="background:white" border="0" cellpadding="5" cellspacing="0" align="left" width="100%"
-|- align="center"
-| [[Costa Rica]]
-| [[El Salvador]]
-| [[Guatemala]]
-| [[Honduras]]
-| [[Mexico]]
-| [[Nicaragua]]
 |- align="center"
-| [[Panama]]
+| [[Australia]]
-|
+| [[Fiji]]
-|
+| [[New Zealand]]
+| [[Papua New Guinea]]
 |
 |
-|
 |}
@@ Line 242: / Line 303: @@
-{| style="background:#FFFF66; color=white" border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="1" align="center" width="100%"
+{| style="background:#99CCCC; color=white" border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="1" align="center" width="100%"
 |- style="color=white" align="center"
 | '''North America'''
@@ Line 262: / Line 323: @@
-{| style="background:#FFFF66; color=white" border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="1" align="center" width="100%"
+{| style="background:#99CC99; color=white" border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="1" align="center" width="100%"
 |- style="color=white" align="center"
 | '''Caribbean'''
@@ Line 271: / Line 332: @@
 |- align="center"
 | [[Barbados]]
-| [[Dominican Republic]]
 | [[Jamaica]]
 | [[Trinidad and Tobago]]
@@ Line 282: / Line 342: @@
-{| style="background:#33CC00; color=white" border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="1" align="center" width="100%"
+{| style="background:#99CCCC; color=white" border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="1" align="center" width="100%"
 |- style="color=white" align="center"
-| '''Asia'''
+| '''Central America'''
 |-
 |
@@ Line 290: / Line 350: @@
 {| style="background:white" border="0" cellpadding="5" cellspacing="0" align="left" width="100%"
 |- align="center"
-| [[Azerbaijan]]
+| [[Costa Rica]]
-| [[Bangladesh]]
+| [[El Salvador]]
-| [[Cambodia]]
+| [[Guatemala]]
-| [[China]]
+| [[Honduras]]
-| [[Hong Kong]]
+| [[Mexico]]
-| [[India]]
+| [[Nicaragua]]
 |- align="center"
-| [[Indonesia]]
+| [[Panama]]
-| [[Japan]]
+|
-| [[Kazakhstan]]
+|
-| [[South Korea|Korea]]
-| [[Kyrgyzstan]]
-| [[Lao PDR]]
-|- align="center"
-| [[Mongolia]]
-| [[Pakistan]]
-| [[Philippines]]
-| [[Singapore]]
-| [[Sri Lanka]]
-| [[Taiwan]]
-|- align="center"
-| [[Tajikistan]]
-| [[Thailand]]
-| [[Uzbekistan]]
-| [[Vietnam]]
 |
 |
+|
 |}
@@ Line 326: / Line 370: @@
-{| style="background:Red; color=white" border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="1" align="center" width="100%"
+{| style="background:#99CC99; color=white" border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="1" align="center" width="100%"
 |- style="color=white" align="center"
-| '''Oceania'''
+| '''South America'''
 |-
 |
@@ Line 334: / Line 378: @@
 {| style="background:white" border="0" cellpadding="5" cellspacing="0" align="left" width="100%"
 |- align="center"
-| [[Australia]]
+| [[Argentina]]
-| [[Fiji]]
+| [[Bolivia]]
-| [[New Zealand]]
+| [[Brazil]]
-| [[Papua New Guinea]]
+| [[Chile]]
+| [[Colombia]]
+| [[Guyana]]
+|- align="center"
+| [[Peru]]
+| [[Uruguay]]
+| [[Venezuela]]
 |
 |
@@ Line 346: / Line 397: @@
-{| style="background:Cornflowerblue; color=white" border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="1" align="center" width="100%"
-|- style="color=white" align="center"
-| '''Europe: European Union'''
-|-
-|
-{| style="background:white" border="0" cellpadding="5" cellspacing="0" align="left" width="100%"
-|- align="center"
-| [[Austria]]
-| [[Belgium]]
-| [[Cyprus]]
-| [[Czech Republic]]
-| [[Denmark]]
-| [[Estonia]]
-|- align="center"
-| [[Finland]]
-| [[France]]
-| [[Germany]]
-| [[Greece]]
-| [[Greenland]]
-| [[Hungary]]
-|- align="center"
-| [[Ireland]]
-| [[Italy]]
-| [[Latvia]]
-| [[Lithuania]]
-| [[Luxembourg]]
-| [[Malta]]
-|- align="center"
-| [[Netherlands]]
-| [[Poland]]
-| [[Portugal]]
-| [[Slovak Republic]]
-| [[Slovenia]]
-| [[Spain]]
-|- align="center"
-| [[Sweden]]
-| [[United Kingdom]]
-|
-|
-|
-|
-|}
-|}
+__NOTOC__