Canada, (May 2, 1889)

Score = 5

Governed by: An Act for the Prevention and Suppression of Combinations formed in restraint of Trade.

Category	Subcategory	Score	Comment
Scope	Extraterritoriality	0
Remedies	Fines	1	Article 1 allows for fines of up to $4000 for individuals and $10,000 for corporations.
	Prison Sentences	1	Article 1 allows for prison sentences of up to two years.
	Divestitures	0
Private Enforcement	3rd Party Initiation	0
	Remedies Available to 3rd Parties	0
	3rd Party Rights in Proceedings	0
Merger Notification	Voluntary	0	The act does not address mergers.
	Mandatory	0
	Pre-merger	0
	Post-merger	0
Merger Assessment	Dominance	0
	Restriction of Competition	0
	Public Interest (Pro D)	0
	Public Interest (Pro Authority)	0
	Other	0
	Efficiency	0
Dominance	Limits Access	0	The law does not address the actions of dominant parties.
	Abusive Acts	0
	Price Setting	0
	Discriminatory Pricing	0
	Resale Price Maintenance	0
	Obstacles to Entry	0
	Efficiency Defense	0
Restrictive Trade Practices	Price Fixing	1	Article 1b bans price fixing.
	Tying	0
	Market Division	0
	Output Restraint	1	Article 1(c) bans output restraint.
	Market Sharing	0
	Eliminating Competitors	1	Article 1d prohibits agreements that "unduly prevent or lessen competition."
	Collusive Tendering/Bid-Rigging	0
	Supply Refusal	0
	Efficiency Defense	0