Albania (December 7, 1995)

Score = 24

Governed by: Law No. 8044 on Competition, came into force December 7, 1995.

Category	Subcategory	Score	Comment
Scope	Extraterritoriality	1	Art. 2 extends scope beyond Albania
Remedies	Fines	1	Art. 67 discusses potential fines
	Prison Sentences	1	Art.68 imposes penal responsibility in certain cases
	Divestitures	1	Art. 5 mandates splitting of dominant companies
Private Enforcement	3rd Party Initiation	1	Art. 62(1) allows 3rd party initiation
	Remedies Available to 3rd Parties	1	Art. 62(1), 63(2) provide various possible remedies
	3rd Party Rights in Proceedings	0
Merger Notification	Voluntary	0
	Mandatory	3	Art. 9 requires clearance from the competition dept.
	Pre-merger	2	Art. 9 requires advance notice
	Post-merger	0
Merger Assessment	Dominance	1	Art. 10 considers dominant position
	Restriction of Competition	1	Art. 10 considers effect on competition
	Public Interest (Pro D)	1	Art. 10 considers factors that would benefit the public
	Public Interest (Pro Authority)	0
	Other	1	Art. 10 considers effect on competitors abroad
	Efficiency	0
Dominance	Limits Access	1	Art. 41(2) prohibits restricting production
	Abusive Acts	1	Art. 41(1) prohibits exploiting a dominant position
	Price Setting	0
	Discriminatory Pricing	1	Art. 41(2) prohibits discriminatory pricing
	Resale Price Maintenance	1	Art. 19(1) prohibits dictating terms for interaction with 3rd parties
	Obstacles to Entry	0
	Efficiency Defense	0
Restrictive Trade Practices	Price Fixing	1	Art. 16(a) prohibits price setting
	Tying	1	Art. 20(c), Art. 41(2) prohibit tying
	Market Division	1	Art. 16(b) prohibits assigning customers
	Output Restraint	1	Art. 16(c) prohibits restricting production
	Market Sharing	1	Art. 16(b), Art. 20(e) prohibit market sharing
	Eliminating Competitors	1	Art. 39(1) prohibits manipulating price to reduce competition
	Collusive Tendering/Bid-Rigging	1	Art. 16(b) prohibits dividing drawing up quotations
	Supply Refusal	1	Art. 20(b) prohibits restricting freedom to purchase
	Efficiency Defense	1	Art. 20(f) implies some form of efficiency defense